Science Facts

  The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), unofficially termed Mangalyaan, (from Sanskrit: Mangala, "Mars" and yāna, "craft, vehicle") turned into an area probe orbiting Mars given that 24 September 2014. It turned into released on five November 2013 through the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It turned into India`s first interplanetary task and it made ISRO the fourth area business enterprise to obtain Mars orbit, after Roscosmos, NASA, and the European Space Agency.[19] It made India the primary Asian kingdom to attain the Martian orbit and the primary kingdom withinside the globe to accomplish that on its maiden attempt. The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted off from the First Launch Pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota Range SHAR), Andhra Pradesh, the use of a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket C25 at 09:08 UTC on five November 2013. The release window turned about 20 days lengthy and commenced on 28 October 2013. The MOM probe spent appro...

  The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third American human spaceflight program that was successful in preparing for and landing the first humans on the Moon between 1968 and 1972. It was first envisioned as a three-person spacecraft in 1960, under the presidency of President Dwight D. Eisenhower, as a follow-up to Project Mercury, a one-person spacecraft that sent the first Americans into orbit. In a speech to Congress on May 25, 1961, President John F. Kennedy set "landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to Earth" as the nation's aim for the 1960s. Apollo was eventually named in his honor. After the two-person Project Gemini mission, it was the third US human spaceflight program to fly. Before it, the two-person Project Gemini, which was created in 1961 to increase spaceflight capabilities in support of Apollo, was the third US human spaceflight program to fly. On the Apollo 11 mi...

  In order to research the outer Solar System and the interstellar region beyond the Sun's heliosphere, NASA launched Voyager 1 on September 5, 1977, as a component of the Voyager mission. As of July 26, 2023 UTC [refresh], Voyager 1 has been in operation for 45 years, 10 months, and 21 days after being launched 16 days after its twin, Voyager 2. It connects with Earth via NASA's Deep Space Network to receive standard orders and provide data. NASA and JPL offer real-time velocity and distance information. It is the furthest object constructed by humans from Earth, sitting at a distance of 159.756 AU (23.899 billion km; 14.850 billion mi) as of July 9, 2023. The probe conducted flybys of Saturn, Jupiter, and Titan, Saturn's biggest moon. Because it was known that the moon has a significant atmosphere, investigation of the moon got precedence over a flyby of Titan or Pluto. The two gas giants' magnetic fields, atmospheres, and rings were all explored by Voyager 1, which w...

  A physics hypothesis called the Big Bang event explains how the cosmos grew from a highly dense and hot starting condition.  The evolution of the observable universe from the earliest known times to its succeeding large-scale shape is explained by several cosmological theories of the Big Bang.  A wide range of observable phenomena, such as the quantity of light elements, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, and large-scale structure, are all thoroughly explained by these theories. Cosmic inflation, or the abrupt and extremely fast expansion of space during the Universe's early moments, provides an explanation for the uniformity of the Universe as a whole, sometimes known as the "flatness issue."  Yet there isn't yet a generally recognised quantum gravity theory in physics that can accurately simulate the Big Bang's early circumstances. Precise studies of the universe's expansion rate establish the Big Bang singularity at an estimated 13.7870.020 ...

  Gravity, which derives from the Latin word gravitas, which means "weight", is a basic interaction in physics that causes all objects with mass or energy to attract one another.  The electromagnetic force, the weak interaction, and the strong interaction are all significantly stronger than gravity, which is by far the weakest of the four fundamental interactions.  As a result, it has no appreciable impact on subatomic particle level phenomena. Yet, at the macroscopic level, gravity is the most important interaction between things and governs the motion of planets, stars, galaxies, and even light. The Moon's gravity causes sublunar tides in the oceans, just as gravity on Earth imparts weight to physical objects (the corresponding antipodal tide is caused by the inertia of the Earth and Moon orbiting one another).  In addition, gravity plays a significant role in many biological processes, including gravitropism, which directs plant growth, and the movement of fluids ...

  Time dilation is defined in physics and relativity as the difference in elapsed time as measured by two clocks. It is caused by either a difference in relative velocity (special relativistic "kinetic" time dilation) or a difference in gravitational potential between their locations (general relativistic gravitational time dilation). When left undefined, "time dilation" usually refers to the effect of velocity. Because of time dilation, two working clocks will report different times after different accelerations. Time moves slower on the ISS, for example, lagging approximately 0.01 seconds for every 12 Earth months. GPS satellites must compensate for similar bending of spacetime in order to properly coordinate with systems on Earth.